| MS Seminar

Name of the Speaker: Mr. Nivash Kumar (EE21S071)
Guide: Prof. Mohanasankar S
Online meeting link: https://meet.google.com/yoc-meks-uxi
Date/Time: 14th June 2024 (Friday), 2:15 PM
Title: Design, Development, and Testing of Navigated Instruments for Image-Guided Spine Surgery

Abstract :

Image-Guided Spine Surgery (IGSS) aims to improve surgical outcomes through precise navigation and real-time tracking of instruments. However, critical challenges such as plastic deformation of instruments during use and Near-InfraRed (NIR) light reflections can cause tracking inaccuracies, compromising the accuracy and effectiveness of surgical procedures. Additionally, closed implant systems and line-of-sight issues limit the surgeon’s flexibility in selecting implants specific to patient needs.

To overcome these challenges, the Navigated Pilot-Hole Creation Instrument (NPHCI) and a Universal Accessory (UA) have been developed. These instruments utilize Stainless Steel 17-4 PH, hardened according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) A564/A564M-19a standards, to resist plastic deformation and ensure biocompatibility. Surface finishing techniques such as sandblasting and electropolishing reduce NIR interference, providing a matte finish with enhanced corrosion resistance in the clinical environment. To increase flexibility for surgeons in implant placement, the UA features a radially symmetrical collet chuck mechanism with one revolute joint, reducing dependency on closed implant systems. This allows various manufacturers' implant-dependent, non-navigated instruments to be converted into navigated instruments, thereby increasing options for surgeons and reducing line-of-sight issues.

The performance of the NPHCI and UA was evaluated according to ASTM F2554-22 in phantom studies, and their reliability and effectiveness were tested through cadaveric studies. Additionally, these instruments were integrated to work with the Atracsys FusionTrack 500 μm Optical Tracking System (OTS), a low-cost optical tracking system, to reduce capital costs.